Russia Arachidonic Acid :definition & biological role

Arachidonic acid (AA) is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid (20:4, ω‑6) essential in cell membranes and a precursor for eicosanoids—regulatory molecules like prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxanes that mediate inflammation, immunity, vascular tone, and more .

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Regulatory framework in Russia

Novel food / food additive status

Unlike the EU, Russia doesn’t currently classify AA itself as a food additive or regulated ingredient. No AA-specific regulations appear in Russian food additive lists (as per EEU EurAsEC harmonization, which Russia follows).

Infant formula and medical nutrition

No publicly available Ukrainian or Russian standards specifying AA inclusion levels in infant formula akin to EU's mandates.

Russia typically adopts WHO/FAO Codex guidelines, which discuss essential fatty acids broadly, but explicit AA inclusion isn't mandated. Local technical regulations (e.g., TR TS 033/2013 for dairy and infant foods) refer to “omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids” without specifying AA.

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Research landscape in Russia

A. Analytical and biochemical studies

• Russian researchers (e.g., Moscow State University and RUDN) utilize AA to study inflammation and eicosanoid biosynthesis, including deuterated AA to control inflammatory mediator production in vitro .

B. Nutritional and aquaculture applications

• Studies explore AA in fish nutrition (e.g., pikeperch performance in cage farming) and its relevance for polyunsaturated fatty acid balance in aquaculture .

C. Functional foods and dietary products

• Russian work on functional foods—for example, yoghurts from mare’s milk—has demonstrated elevated AA alongside other PUFA, highlighting nutritional interest in AA‐rich products .

Health & clinical relevance

• AA plays a key role in reproductive health, neural development, inflammation, and immunity—topics under study within Russian academia.
• While Russian-specific clinical trials are limited, global research underscores AA’s importance in pregnancy, fetal growth, and inflammatory responses .